What Is an AED?
An Automated External Defibrillator (AED) is a portable electronic device that analyzes heart rhythm and delivers a controlled electric shock to restore normal cardiac function during sudden cardiac arrest. Unlike manual defibrillators used by paramedics, AEDs are designed for use by untrained bystanders with minimal instruction.
Workplace Requirements
OSHA does not mandate AED installation in all workplaces, but the American Heart Association recommends placement in facilities with 50 or more employees, particularly those in high-risk industries. However, many employers install them voluntarily because survival rates jump from approximately 5 percent without defibrillation to 50-70 percent when an AED is used within the first few minutes of cardiac arrest.
If your workplace has an AED, OSHA requires that it be maintained according to manufacturer specifications, that staff receive basic training on its use, and that usage be documented. The device must be checked monthly for battery status and pad expiration dates, typically done through a simple visual inspection or automated self-test function.
Home and Community Placement
For homeowners, AED ownership is a personal decision. If someone in your household has a history of arrhythmias or heart disease, a home AED could be life-saving. Public AEDs are increasingly common in gyms, offices, shopping centers, and sports facilities. The American Red Cross and American Heart Association maintain registries of public AED locations.
How to Use an AED
- Call 911 immediately when cardiac arrest is suspected
- Turn on the AED and follow voice prompts
- Apply adhesive pads to the person's bare chest as directed
- Allow the device to analyze heart rhythm (takes 5-10 seconds)
- Stand clear and press the shock button if the device recommends it
- Continue CPR between shocks until emergency responders arrive or the person shows signs of life
Maintenance and Compliance
Workplace AEDs require regular maintenance documented in safety audit records. Check battery voltage and pad expiration dates monthly. Many modern AEDs have automatic self-test features that log results. Pads typically expire after 2-5 years depending on the manufacturer. After any use, the device must be serviced before deployment again. Documentation of AED availability should be included in your emergency action plan, particularly for facilities subject to OSHA emergency preparedness requirements.
Training Coordination
AED training is most effective when paired with CPR certification. Both the American Heart Association and Red Cross offer combined courses lasting 3-4 hours. Certification remains valid for two years. Workplace safety managers should schedule refresher training annually, especially for new employees. Training completion should be documented in personnel safety files.
Common Questions
- Can untrained people use an AED safely? Yes. AEDs are specifically designed for untrained bystanders. The device guides you through each step with voice and visual prompts. The worst outcome of inaction is death, whereas early defibrillation can restart the heart.
- What should happen after someone is shocked by an AED? Never delay calling 911. Even if the person regains consciousness, paramedics must evaluate them. The AED pads should remain in place until emergency responders take over or the device advises removal.
- Does an AED work on children? Yes. Pediatric pads and dose attenuators are available for infants and children under 55 pounds. Many modern AEDs have a pediatric mode or removable resistor to reduce shock energy appropriately.